What is one potential physiological effect of being immersed in cold water?

Being immersed in cold water can lead to physiological responses in the body, one of which is a decrease in blood pressure. This occurs as cold exposure triggers various mechanisms, including vasoconstriction, where blood vessels narrow to preserve heat. Initially, this might lead to an increase in peripheral resistance, but over time, the body begins to adapt, and the overall response can lead to a decrease in blood pressure in some individuals, especially following the initial shock response.

Cold water immersion also influences heart rate, often causing it to increase as the body reacts to maintain core temperature. On the other hand, techniques such as controlled breathing in cold scenarios may enhance pulmonary function slightly, but this is not a direct and major physiological effect of being immersed in cold water. Improved digestion is not typically associated with cold water immersion, as the body may redirect blood flow away from the digestive organs to support vital functions in cold conditions.