What does 'draft' mean in the context of a vessel?

In the context of a vessel, 'draft' specifically refers to the depth of water needed to float that vessel. This measurement indicates how deep the hull sits in the water, which is critical for navigation and safe operation. Understanding the draft is essential for ensuring that a vessel does not run aground or encounter underwater obstacles when maneuvering in various water bodies.

The draft is a key factor for boaters and mariners because it determines the minimum water depth required for the vessel to safely navigate without touching the bottom. Vessels with a larger draft need deeper water, while those with a smaller draft can operate in shallower conditions.

In contrast, the other definitions provided relate to different aspects of vessel operation: the distance from the waterline to the lowest point of the boat does not precisely define draft, although it is related; the maximum load a vessel can carry pertains to its capacity and stability, and the height from the waterline typically refers to air draft, relevant for passing under bridges or other structures. Each of these measures serves a different purpose in maritime considerations, but draft is specifically about how deep the vessel is submerged.